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§ 86.113-94 Fuel specifications.
(a) [Reserved]
(b) Petroleum diesel test fuel. (1) The petroleum fuels employed for testing diesel vehicles shall be clean and bright, with pour and cloud points adequate for operability. The petroleum diesel fuel may contain nonmetallic additives as follows: Cetane improver, metal deactivator, antioxidant, dehazer, antirust, pour depressant, dye, dispersant and biocide. Fuels specified for emissions testing are intended to be representative of commercially available in-use fuels.
(2) A diesel fuel designated as “Type 2-D” grade meeting the following specifications, or substantially equivalent specifications approved by the Administrator, must be used for exhaust emission testing:
| Property | Unit | Type 2-D | Reference procedure 1 |
|---|---|---|---|
| (i) Cetane Number | 40-50 | ASTM D613 | |
| (ii) Cetane Index | 40-50 | ASTM D976 | |
| (iii) Distillation range: | |||
| (A) IBP | 340-400 (171.1-204.4) | ||
| (B) 10 pct. point | 400-460 (204.4-237.8) | ||
| (C) 50 pct. point | °F ( °C) | 470-540 (243.3-282.2) | STM D86 |
| (D) 90 pct. point | 560-630 (293.3-332.2) | ||
| (E) EP | 610-690 (321.1-365.6) | ||
| (iv) Gravity | °API | 32-37 | ASTM D4052 |
| (v) Total sulfur | ppm | 7-15 | ASTM D2622 |
| (vi) Hydrocarbon composition: Aromatics, minimum (Remainder shall be paraffins, naphthenes, and olefins) | pct | 27 | ASTM D5186 |
| (vii) Flashpoint, min | °F ( °C) | 130 (54.4) | ASTM D93 |
| (viii) Viscosity | centistokes | 2.0-3.2 | ASTM D445 |
1 ASTM procedures are incorporated by reference in § 86.1.