§ 1037.801 Definitions.
The following definitions apply to this part. The definitions apply to all subparts unless we note otherwise. All undefined terms have the meaning the Act gives to them. The definitions follow:
Act means the Clean Air Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 7401-7671q.
Adjustable parameter has the meaning given in 40 CFR 1068.30.
Adjusted Loaded Vehicle Weight means the numerical average of vehicle curb weight and GVWR.
Advanced technology means vehicle technology certified under 40 CFR 86.1819-14(k)(7), 40 CFR 1036.615, or § 1037.615.
Aftertreatment means relating to a catalytic converter, particulate filter, or any other system, component, or technology mounted downstream of the exhaust valve (or exhaust port) whose design function is to decrease emissions in the vehicle exhaust before it is exhausted to the environment. Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and turbochargers are not aftertreatment.
Aircraft means any vehicle capable of sustained air travel more than 100 feet off the ground.
Alcohol-fueled vehicle means a vehicle that is designed to run using an alcohol fuel. For purposes of this definition, alcohol fuels do not include fuels with a nominal alcohol content below 25 percent by volume.
Alternative fuel conversion has the meaning given for clean alternative fuel conversion in 40 CFR 85.502.
Ambulance has the meaning given in 40 CFR 86.1803.
Amphibious vehicle means a motor vehicle that is also designed for operation on water. Note that high ground clearance that enables a vehicle to drive through water rather than floating on the water does not make a vehicle amphibious.
A to B testing means testing performed in pairs to allow comparison of two vehicles or other test articles. Back-to-back tests are performed on Article A and Article B, changing only the variable(s) of interest for the two tests.
Automated manual transmission (AMT) means a transmission that operates mechanically similar to a manual transmission, except that an automated clutch actuator controlled by the onboard computer disengages and engages the drivetrain instead of a human driver. An automated manual transmission does not include a torque converter or a clutch pedal controllable by the driver.
Automatic tire inflation system means a pneumatically or electronically activated system installed on a vehicle to maintain tire pressure at a preset level. These systems eliminate the need to manually inflate tires. Note that this is different than a tire pressure monitoring system, which we define separately in this section.
Automatic transmission (AT) means a transmission with a torque converter (or equivalent) that uses computerize or other internal controls to shift gears in response to a single driver input for controlling vehicle speed. Note that automatic manual transmissions are not automatic transmissions because they do not include torque converters.
Auxiliary emission control device means any element of design that senses temperature, motive speed, engine speed (r/min), transmission gear, or any other parameter for the purpose of activating, modulating, delaying, or deactivating the operation of any part of the emission control system.
Auxiliary power unit means a device installed on a vehicle that uses an engine to provide power for purposes other than to (directly or indirectly) propel the vehicle.
Averaging set has the meaning given in § 1037.701.
Axle ratio or Drive axle ratio, ka, means the dimensionless number representing the angular speed of the transmission output shaft divided by the angular speed of the drive axle.
Basic vehicle frontal area means the area enclosed by the geometric projection of the basic vehicle along the longitudinal axis onto a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, including tires but excluding mirrors and air deflectors. Note that in certain cases, this may refer to the combined area of a tractor and trailer.
Box van has the meaning given in the definition for “trailer” in this section.
Bus means a heavy-duty vehicle designed to carry more than 15 passengers. Buses may include coach buses, school buses, and urban transit buses.
Calibration means the set of specifications and tolerances specific to a particular design, version, or application of a component or assembly capable of functionally describing its operation over its working range.
Carryover means relating to certification based on emission data generated from an earlier model year.
Certification means relating to the process of obtaining a certificate of conformity for a vehicle family that complies with the emission standards and requirements in this part.
Certified emission level means the highest deteriorated emission level in a vehicle subfamily for a given pollutant from either transient or steady-state testing.
Charge-depleting has the meaning given in 40 CFR 1066.1001.
Charge-sustaining has the meaning given in 40 CFR 1066.1001.
Class means relating to GVWR classes for vehicles other than trailers, as follows:
(1) Class 2b means relating to heavy-duty motor vehicles at or below 10,000 pounds GVWR.
(2) Class 3 means relating to heavy-duty motor vehicles above 10,000 pounds GVWR but at or below 14,000 pounds GVWR.
(3) Class 4 means relating to heavy-duty motor vehicles above 14,000 pounds GVWR but at or below 16,000 pounds GVWR.
(4) Class 5 means relating to heavy-duty motor vehicles above 16,000 pounds GVWR but at or below 19,500 pounds GVWR.
(5) Class 6 means relating to heavy-duty motor vehicles above 19,500 pounds GVWR but at or below 26,000 pounds GVWR.
(6) Class 7 means relating to heavy-duty motor vehicles above 26,000 pounds GVWR but at or below 33,000 pounds GVWR.
(7) Class 8 means relating to heavy-duty motor vehicles above 33,000 pounds GVWR.
Coach bus means a bus designed for inter-city passenger transport. Buses with features to accommodate standing passengers are not coach buses.
Complete vehicle has the meaning given in the definition for vehicle in this section.
Compression-ignition has the meaning given in § 1037.101.
Concrete mixer means a heavy-duty vehicle designed to mix and transport concrete in a permanently mounted revolving drum.
Container chassis means a trailer designed for carrying temporarily mounted shipping containers.
Date of manufacture means the date on which the certifying vehicle manufacturer completes its manufacturing operations, except as follows:
(1) Where the certificate holder is an engine manufacturer that does not manufacture the chassis, the date of manufacture of the vehicle is based on the date assembly of the vehicle is completed.
(2) We may approve an alternate date of manufacture based on the date on which the certifying (or primary) manufacturer completes assembly at the place of main assembly, consistent with the provisions of § 1037.601 and 49 CFR 567.4.
Day cab means a type of tractor cab that is not a sleeper cab or a heavy-haul tractor cab.
Designated Compliance Officer means one of the following:
(1) For compression-ignition engines, Designated Compliance Officer means Director, Diesel Engine Compliance Center, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2000 Traverwood Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48105; complianceinfo@epa.gov;www.epa.gov/ve-certification.
(2) For spark-ignition engines, Designated Compliance Officer means Director, Gasoline Engine Compliance Center, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2000 Traverwood Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48105; complianceinfo@epa.gov;www.epa.gov/ve-certification.
Deteriorated emission level means the emission level that results from applying the appropriate deterioration factor to the official emission result of the emission-data vehicle. Note that where no deterioration factor applies, references in this part to the deteriorated emission level mean the official emission result.
Deterioration factor means the relationship between the highest emissions during the useful life and emissions at the low-hour test point, expressed in one of the following ways:
(1) For multiplicative deterioration factors, the ratio of the highest emissions to emissions at the low-hour test point.